PBS American Experience – Race for the Superbomb (1999)

In August 1945, atomic bombs destroyed the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, marking the end of World War II. Yet even as the victorious American troops arrived home, the Cold War was beginning. Scientists from the United States and the Soviet Union began a frantic race to create an even more devastating weapon-the hydrogen bomb, known as "the Super."
In July of 1945, President Harry Truman met Joseph Stalin at Potsdam, Germany. "I casually mentioned to Stalin that we had a new weapon of unusual destructive force," Truman wrote later. "The Russian Premier showed no special interest." But Stalin was already aware of the atomic bomb thanks to Soviet spies lodged at the heart of the American bomb project in Los Alamos. Soviet scientists were scrambling to catch up.
The new weapon was revealed to the world a few weeks later when a single atomic bomb destroyed the city of Hiroshima. Stalin’s reaction was immediate. "Speed things up," he reportedly ordered.
As an unpredictable Cold War settled in, several U.S. scientists argued for an all-out effort to build an even more powerful weapon: a hydrogen bomb. Edward Teller, an emigre physicist, pushed for a program to build what he called "the Super"– a hydrogen fusion bomb. "If the Russians demonstrate a Super before we possess one," said Teller, "our situation will be hopeless." Andrei Sakharov, a brilliant young Russian physicist, had also been given the task of designing a fusion bomb for the Soviet Union. Thanks to the Soviet spy Klaus Fuchs, Sakharov was familiar with Teller’s design, but he soon decided on a different approach.
By 1952 the Super was ready for its first test. The fireball of the first H-bomb grew to a diameter of three miles and vaporized an entire island in the Pacific atoll of Eniwetok. The H-bomb’s yield was ten megatons, a thousand times greater than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. Eighteen months later, Sakharov and his team exploded the first Soviet H-bomb. The nuclear arms race had begun.
Featuring newly discovered archival sources from Russia, civil defense films, and recently declassified military footage, RACE FOR THE SUPERBOMB tells the story of a world at the brink of destruction. Edward Teller, who spurred the American project to build the Super, insisted that the bomb was a necessary deterrent to Soviet attack. Other scientists, including Robert Oppenheimer and Enrico Fermi, thought the hydrogen bomb threatened civilization itself. And as Major General Curtis LeMay harnessed the air power needed to deliver a killing nuclear blow, Americans prepared for the terrifying possibility of ultimate war. Equal parts scientific drama, spy thriller, and Cold War epic, this remarkable film documents the struggle to create a weapon that could save the world from a devastating war-or doom it to annihilation.

Written, Produced and Directed by Thomas Ott ; 51 Pegasi Pictures Inc. for The American Experience

RAPIDGATOR:
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TURBOBIT:
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